Temporal Bone

Head and Neck Search Patterns: Temporal Bone CT

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Segments of the Temporal Bone

External Auditory Canal

Middle Ear Cavity

The middle ear cavity is shaped like a box

  • Roof: Tegmen Tympani

  • Floor: Floor of Hypotympanum

  • Lateral Wall: Tympanic membrane, Lateral epitympanic recess

  • Medial Wall: Round and Oval Windows, Cochlear Promontory

  • Anterior Wall: Eustacian Tube

  • Posterior Wall: Facial Nerve Recess, Pyramidal Eminence, Sinus Tympani

The Ossicles: Malleus, Incus and Stapes

The ossicles located within the middle ear cavity are the three smallest bones in the human body. The transmit and amplify sound from the tympanic membrane to the oval window. The Malleus is the most lateral in position and connects to the tympanic membrane. The Incus is the largest and has the weakest attachments of the three ossicles and is prone to injury. The stapes is the smallest of the three and is the most medial. It sits on top of the oval window.

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